Home [英文筆記] 常犯的文法錯誤
Post
Cancel

[英文筆記] 常犯的文法錯誤

Posted Feb 28, 1999
By R
17 min read
  • ERROR 1. 兩個動詞連在一起
  • ERROR 2. 單數第三人稱現在式，動詞忘了加s
  • ERROR 3. 忘了有些助動詞後面一定要用原形動詞
  • ERROR 4. 忘了在to 的後面一定要用原形動詞
  • ERROR 5. 動詞和主詞不一致
  • ERROR 6. 句子沒有動詞
  • ERROR 7. 句子沒有主詞
  • ERROR 8. 動詞的時態錯了
  • ERROR 9. 忘了在 verb to have 的後面應該用過去分詞
  • ERROR 10. 在被動語氣 verb to be 的後面忘了用過去分詞
  • ERROR 11. 動詞用成了名詞
  • ERROR 12. 動詞用成了形容詞
  • ERROR 13. 該有助動詞的句子沒有助動詞
  • ERROR 14. 該用被動語氣的地方用了主動語氣
  • ERROR 15. 兩個句子中間忘了用 when, where, who …等
  • ERROR 16. 忘了在 which, that … 後面應該用子句，而非片語
  • ERROR 17. 不該用to 的地方用了 to
  • ERROR 18. 忘了有些動詞必須以分詞形式出現
  • ERROR 19. 過去分詞和現在分詞用反了
  • ERROR 20. 不及物動詞以被動語氣出現
  • ERROR 21. 形容詞用作了名詞
  • ERROR 22. 不該用疑問句的子句用了疑問句

ERROR 1. 兩個動詞連在一起

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

I am love you. ❌ (因為 am是動詞，love也是動詞)
I love you. ⭕️
I am in love with you. ⭕️

He seems doesn't care. ❌
He donesn't seem to care. ⭕️

He wants drink water. ❌
He wants to drink water. ⭕️

ERROR 2. 單數第三人稱現在式，動詞忘了加 s

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

He like you. ❌ (like 要加s)
My uncle go to work by bus. ❌ (go 要改成第三人稱單數 goes)
I don't know what the government do to stimulate the economy. ❌ (do 要改成第三人稱單數 does)

He likes you. ⭕️
My uncle goes to work by bus. ⭕️
I don't know what the government does to stimulate the economy. ⭕️

ERROR 3. 忘了有些助動詞後面一定要用原形動詞

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

He did not went to school yesterday. ❌
He will not goes to church. ❌
He does likes you. ❌
She should not gave him the book. ❌
He does not enjoying the conversation. ❌

He did not go to school yesterday. ⭕️
He will not go to church. ⭕️
He does like you. ⭕️
She should not give him the book. ⭕️
He does not enjoy the conversation. ⭕️

ERROR 4. 忘了在 to 的後面一定要用原形動詞

1
2
3
4
5

I like to swimming. ❌
I forgot to went to school. ❌

I like to swim. ⭕️
I forgot to go to school. ⭕️

ERROR 5. 動詞和主詞不一致

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

I were at home last night. ❌
He have no money to buy that book. ❌
They was good friends. ❌
Their wishes was finally realized. ❌

I was at home last night. ⭕️
He has no money to buy that book. ⭕️
They were good friends. ⭕️
Their wishes were finally realized. ⭕️

ERROR 6. 句子沒有動詞

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

He looking for a book. ❌
He very happy. ❌
Many people interested in music. ❌
The future good for us. ❌
Many banks bankrupt. ❌
It may due to the war. ❌

He is looking for a book. ⭕️
He is very happy.  ⭕️
Many people are interested in music.  ⭕️
The future is good for us.  ⭕️
Many banks are bankrupt.  ⭕️
It may be due to the war.  ⭕️

ERROR 7. 句子沒有主詞

1
2
3
4
5

How can protect human beings? ❌
This way, at least don't kill people. ❌

How can we protect human beings? ⭕️
This way, at least we don't kill people. ⭕️

ERROR 8. 動詞的時態錯了

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

He watches TV now. ❌ (now是正在進行中的動作，要用 現在進行式)
The earth was round. ❌ (地球是圓的。不變的真理，要用 現在簡單式)
Two points defined a line. ❌ (兩點決定一線。不變的真理，要用 現在簡單式)
He lived here since 1980. ❌ (他自 1980 年起就住在這裡。動作從過去持續到現在，而且可能繼續下去，用現在完成式)

He is watching TV now. ⭕️
The earth is round. ⭕️
Two points define a line. ⭕️
He has lived here since 1980. ⭕️
  • 現在式：一般動詞(s)
  • 現在進行式：動詞 + ing (現在分詞 V+ing)
  • 現在完成式：
    has / have ＋ 過去分詞（past participle / p.p.）
  • 過去完成式：
    had ＋ 過去分詞（past participle / p.p.）

ERROR 9. 忘了在 verb to have 的後面應該用過去分詞

現在完成式： have / has + 過去分詞

1
2
3
4
5

He has write a novel. ❌
I have finish the report. ❌

He has written a novel. ⭕️
I have finished the report. ⭕️

write：過去式：wrote 過去分詞：written 現在分詞：writing

have / has + 過去分詞，就可以確定它是現在完成式啦

ERROR 10. 在被動語氣 verb to be 的後面忘了用過去分詞

1
2
3
4
5

He is like by every one. ❌
Rice is grow in this country. ❌

He is liked by every one. ⭕️
Rice is grown in this country. ⭕️

grow：過去式：grew 過去分詞：grown 現在分詞：growing

ERROR 11. 動詞用成了名詞

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

I like play tennis. ❌
Kill people cannot solve the problem. ❌
We should put more effort into write English compositions. ❌

I like to play tennis. ⭕️
Killing people cannot solve the problem. ⭕️
We should put more effort into writing English compositions. ⭕️
  • Killing 殺戮
  • writing 寫作

ERROR 12. 動詞用成了形容詞

1
2
3
4
5

This is a win team. ❌
He is a cry baby. ❌

This is a winning team. ⭕️
He is a crying baby. ⭕️

winning adj. 獲勝的；贏的；迷人的，可愛的

ERROR 13. 該有助動詞的句子沒有助動詞

1
2
3
4
5

Why he killed him? ❌
Why they came so late? ❌

Why did he kill him? ⭕️
Why did they come so late? ⭕️
  • 過去式：killed 過去分詞：killed 現在分詞：killing
  • 過去式：came 過去分詞：come 現在分詞：coming

ERROR 14. 該用被動語氣的地方用了主動語氣

be 動詞＋過去分詞（p.p.）

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

He transform into a good man. ❌ (少be)
The books will be shipping to you. ❌ (shipping要改成p.p.)
A network has been establishing. ❌ (establishing要改成p.p.)

He was transformed into a good man. ⭕️
The books will be shipped to you. ⭕️
A network has been established. ⭕️ (網路已經建立)

被動語態動詞的基本結構是： be 動詞＋過去分詞（p.p.）
需要時，助動詞 會視情況加進去湊熱鬧。

(助動詞 be ＋ 過去分詞 的結構 不一定都是被動語態)

be 動詞＋過去分詞（p.p.）

  1. 現在被動：is/ am/ are + p.p.
  2. 過去被動：was/ were + p.p.
  3. 未來被動：will be + p.p. 或 is/ am/ are going to be + p.p.
  4. 現在完成被動：has/ have been + p.p.
  5. 過去完成被動：had been + p.p.
  6. 未來完成被動：will have been + p.p.
  7. 現在進行被動：is/ am/ are being + p.p.
  8. 過去進行被動：was/ were being + p.p.

https://tw.amazingtalker.com/blog/zh-tw/zh-eng/35840/

ERROR 15. 兩個句子中間忘了用 when, where, who …等

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

He is a man can run very fast. ❌ 
There are more people help themselves. ❌
I am a person swims every morning. ❌ 

He is a man who can run very fast. ⭕️
There are more people who help themselves. ⭕️
I am a person who swims every morning. ⭕️

也有可以以下的形式出現：
He is a man able to run very fast. ⭕️
There are more people helping themselves. ⭕️
  • which, Who 必要資訊，有逗號
  • which, Who 補充資訊，無逗號
  • that 必要資訊，不能有逗號

ERROR 16. 忘了在 which, that … 後面應該用子句，而非片語

(子句就是有主詞有動詞的字群)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

We should not leave before the concert ending. ❌
We cannot win if locking courage. ❌
We offen use appliances which made in Japan. ❌ 

We should not leave before the concert ends. ⭕️
We cannot win if we lock courage. ⭕️
We offen use appliances which are made in Japan. ⭕️

子句是什麼意思？
子句是由一群相關並含有主詞與動詞的字所組成。 子句有兩種：獨立子句與從屬子句。 獨立子句能表達完整思維可單獨存在。 從屬子句又稱為附屬子句，它不能單獨存在，必須依附獨立子句才會有意義。

  • which, Who 必要資訊，有逗號
  • which, Who 補充資訊，無逗號
  • that 必要資訊，不能有逗號

ERROR 17. 不該用to 的地方用了 to

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

I will not let you to cry. ❌
He made wars to disappear. ❌
I heard him to lauth. ❌
I mode my son to wash my car. ❌

I will not let you cry. ⭕️
He made wars disappear. ⭕️
I heard him lauth. ⭕️
I mode my son wash my car. ⭕️

ERROR 18. 忘了有些動詞必須以分詞形式出現

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

He confuses about the story. ❌
Tom excites by the good news. ❌
I satisfy with your work. ❌

He is confused about the story. ⭕️
Tom is excited by the good news. ⭕️
I am satisfied with your work. ⭕️

他對這個故事感到困惑。 
湯姆聽到這個好消息很興奮。
我對你的工作很滿意。

分語是什麼?

eat：原形動詞

1
2
3
4

ate：過去式
eaten：過去分詞   (或稱 p.p.)
eating：現在分詞   (或稱 V-ing )
eats：動詞 +s

你有沒有發現「分詞」在哪裡呢？🤩 沒錯！「現在分詞」和「過去分詞」都是分詞喔！😎

簡單來說，分詞的定義就是一種「動詞變化」，可以分為「現在分詞」和「過去分詞」。

👉🏻「現在分詞」或稱為 V-ing，最常見的就是「動詞 +ing」的型態。

👉🏻「過去分詞」或稱為 p.p. (past participle)，就是動詞三態表裡面的第三個，最常見的就是「動詞 +ed」。除此之外，過去分詞也有其他不規則的形式，像是「eat / ate / eaten」、「make / made / made」，它們的過去分詞就是不規則的變化。

分詞的功能很多樣，除了用來形成「時態」，也可以用來形成「被動語態」，也可以當「形容詞」修飾人事物，還可以用來簡化句子，也就是文法老師常說的「分詞構句」。聽起來是不是很厲害呢～👍🏻

ERROR 19. 過去分詞和現在分詞用反了

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Sorry, I am confusing about what you say. ❌
He is interesting in music. ❌
His work is satisfyed. ❌

Sorry, I am confused about what you say. ⭕️
He is interested in music. ⭕️
His work is satisfying. ⭕️

抱歉，我對你所說的感到困惑。
他對 音樂有興趣。
他的工作令人滿意。

ERROR 20. 不及物動詞以被動語氣出現

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Your paper will be appeared soon. ❌
He will be disappeared. ❌
The war will be happened soon. ❌
Wars were occurred many times in China. ❌

Your paper will appear soon. ⭕️
He will disappear. ⭕️
The war will happen soon. ⭕️
Wars occurred many times in China. ⭕️

您的論文很快就會出現。
他會消失。
戰爭很快就會發生。
中國多次發生戰爭。

ERROR 21. 形容詞用作了名詞

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

I cannot live in poor. ❌
This cannot eliminate the possible of wars. ❌

I cannot live in poverty. ⭕️
This cannot eliminate the possibility of wars. ⭕️

我不能生活在貧困中。
這並不能消除戰爭的可能性。

ERROR 22. 不該用疑問句的子句用了疑問句

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

I don't know why did he came here. ❌
No one knows what is Peter is doing these days. ❌

I don't know why he came here. ⭕️
No one knows what Peter is doing these days. ⭕️

我不知道他為什麼來這裡。
沒有人知道彼得這些天在做什麼。

[英文筆記] 三單動詞加S…是什麼？來搞懂「主詞動詞一致」 by R
[Note] 英文文法最基本的規則 by R
[英文筆記] 現在式 & 現在進行式 by R
[英文筆記] 完成式 - 過去完成式 & 過去完成進行式 by R
[英文筆記] 被動語氣 by R
[英文筆記] 「被動式」的各種時態用法 by R
https://tw.amazingtalker.com/blog/zh-tw/zh-eng/35840/
[英文筆記] which、that 用法差在哪？可省略？加逗號？
[英文筆記] Who, which, that 前面有無逗點?
[英文筆記] 片語 & 子句
[英文筆記] 片語、子句、句子是什麼？ 分詞」是什麼？「過去分詞」與「現在分詞」的用法！ Book: 專門替中國人寫的英文基本文法(李家同/海柏)

English, 英文文法
English 常犯的文法錯誤
This post is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by the author.
Contents